Came across an interesting article from BNet on Bad Boss Behavior that's worth a read.  Real quickly, here's the run down on the behaviors:

• Chronic Micromanagement
• Vague Priorities
• Explosive Temper
• Absurd Expectations
• Belittles You in Public
• Avoids Difficult Decisions
• Demands Unreasonably Long Hours
  

I've witnessed all these, and have personally experienced most.  I'm even guilty of a couple of them.  The article comes with advice on handling the behaviors.  Most makes sense, and I've certainly used some of the advice (but have not had any used on me!). 

The one that hit home is the vignette on how to handle Vague Priorities: 


Earlier in my career, I'd never thought to question the priority, but for different reasons than Ken Evans.  I always figured the boss was boss for a reason (I blame my strict Asian parents who inculcated me to respect authority figures).   I've long since purged that naivete out of my system. 

Asking for the desired outcome is something I will start doing, and it seems like such an obvious thing to do.  Although I don't think I ask this question because I believe the outcome should present itself as part of trying to understand the priority.  However, I think the real challenge will be trying to determine if the desired outcome is the correct one and convincing your boss otherwise if it's not.